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Pearl Harbor: Final Judgement, by Henry C. Clausen, Bruce Lee
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An reexamination of the bombing of Pearl Harbor, based on an original eight hundred-page report and hundreds of sworn affidavits, shows that the American military conspired to blame the attack on President Roosevelt and the civilian leadership. 60,000 first printing. BOMC. QPB. History Bk Club.
- Sales Rank: #118585 in Books
- Published on: 1992-09-01
- Released on: 1992-09-01
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 9.25" h x 6.25" w x 1.75" l,
- Binding: Hardcover
- 95 pages
- NONFICTION Military & War
From Publishers Weekly
This book goes a long way toward ending the 50-year-old debate as to how the Japanese managed to surprise U.S. forces when they bombed Hawaii on December 7, 1941. In 1944, Secretary of War Henry Stimson selected co-author Clausen, then a lawyer in the U.S. Judge Advocate's office, to conduct an independent investigation into the Pearl Harbor attack; Clausen submitted a top-secret report on the matter, the substance of which is published here for the first time. Assisted by New York-based editor Lee, Clausen details his discovery of egregious errors of omission and commission, as well as criminal neglect of duty by the Army and Navy high command in Washington and Honolulu. He concludes that the top officers in Hawaii, General Walter Short and Admiral Husband Kimmel, were simply asleep at the switch and ignored repeated warnings. Probably the most telling factor in this failure of communication, he argues, was the Navy's arrogant hoarding of secret intelligence that should have been shared with its Army counterparts. This thoroughly engrossing narrative, as compelling as a detective novel, answers two major questions: What did Washington and Honolulu know about Japanese actions before the attack and what did they do about it? A significant historical breakthrough that should attract a wide readership. Photos. 60,000 first printing; BOMC, QPB and History Book Club alternate.
Copyright 1992 Reed Business Information, Inc.
From Library Journal
By now everyone is aware that the worst of the Pearl Harbor tragedy might have been avoided if the United States had heeded the warnings more carefully and had had a little luck. Clausen adds to the picture by describing his high-level wartime mission to find the truth about the raid. Although he makes dramatic charges of laxness and organizational bungling, his overheated claims of outright malfeasance are neither new nor surprising. If the book adds little to the controversy, however, the wartime documents it reproduces make a useful addition to the Pearl Harbor literature. It is written in a fastidious, lawyerly fashion but is a nice supplement to Gordon Prange's classic At Dawn We Slept . Previewed in Prepub Alert, LJ 5/15/92; for other Pearl Harbor books, see "The Day of Infamy in Print," LJ 9/1/91, p. 206-07.--Ed.
- Raymond L. Puffer, U.S. Air Force History Prog., Los Angeles
Copyright 1992 Reed Business Information, Inc.
Review
"The best book ever written about what caused Pearl Harbor." -- Oliver North on the Oliver North Show
Devastating data. Clausen uncovered many facts that had not been revealed in five previous investigations.... an exciting, suspenseful plot. -- The New York Times Book Review
This Clausen-Lee book .. is so well-grounded that it makes all further speculation on the subject seem pointless. -- Norman N. Brown: Associated Press
This book is essential history. It is the authoritative appraisal of why American armed forces met the Japanese attack asleep. -- Joseph C. Harsch: The Christian Science Monitor
Most helpful customer reviews
1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Just when You Thought There Wasnt Anything New to Read about Pearl Harbor.............
By Writing Historian
I have read many, many books on Pearl Harbor. In my honest opinion, Clausen's book materially adds to the body of knowledge about that event rather than merely repeating what others have already said. I had overlooked it for years, but am glad that I finally added it to my collection.
Clausen has a unique perspective because he was a lawyer by trade serving as a lowly Major in the Army Judge Advocate Corps. Clausen did gain some visibility prior to undertaking an assignment by Secretary of War Stimson which forms the main subject for this book. He worked closely with then Senator Harry Truman when investigating graft and corruption affecting government defense procurement and he also served as a legal advisor for the original Army Pearl Harbor Board. Clausen was a close study of those testifying to that board where he noticed that some witnesses seemed to be holding important facts from the board members. As a result, Clausen did a good job on behalf of Secretary Stimson of following up on discrepancies in the Army Pearl Harbor Board findings not only because of the consummately professional manner in which he approached any legal challenge, but also because he wanted to discover more about the "hidden forces" that influenced the earlier proceedings.
During the course of his investigation, which is detailed in the book, Clausen determined that the lack of unity of command and failure to share intelligence contributed to the debacle at Pearl Harbor - prompting congressional action over a period of years and in some cases decades that led up to the creation of the National Security Agency and Unified Commands such as exist today (CENTCOM, NORTHCOM, EUCOM, etc.).
As a trial lawyer, Clausen is not hesitant to name names. The decisions by individuals whom he feels contributed to the disaster that took place on 7 December 1941 are laid out methodically and revisited for emphasis. Indeed, he does name those people who he believes exhibited unprofessional or a blatant lack of judgment. Although I wont revisit the entire list of fourteen individuals, Clausen convinced me that Admiral Kimmel and General Short deserve the lion's share of the blame. For instance, Kimmel interpreted unity of command as cultivating a personal friendship with Short, but drew the line at that concession as he neglected to encourage meaningful inter-service coordination to include not sharing vital intelligence (it should be pointed out that the Navy and not the Army had broken the Japanese codes - therefore the latter was dependent on the former for that information). Short had no experience at the operational level and clearly did not want to be stationed in Hawaii given his wife much rather wanted his last assignment to be in the Washington DC area. Both officers were served poorly by their respective staffs, which seemed to have grown used to the torpor of the tropics despite the real threat of a Japanese attack. That said, blame doesn't reside solely in Hawaii as many members of the Army and Navy staff in Washington DC also took a "business as usual" attitude as tensions rose in the Pacific. For instance, replacing the commander of the Hawaiian Department in February 1941 with someone who had only commanded training units during his entire Army career doesn't seem the smartest move in the book.
For those who focus on the "Winds" messages as determining whether or not the Army and Navy should have been on the alert, I would also point out that Clausen's collected fifty six pages worth of operational messages to Hawaii between January and December 1941 warning of potential aggressive moves by the Japanese. If I were the commander, I probably would have taken notice of that much correspondence. Revelations like that make reading this book worthwhile. Though I will concede that it is a bit dry and will only hold the attention of specialists and serious historians. If you fall into those categories, then I highly recommend this book to you.
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
A much needed book on the Pearl Harbor attack
By S. Fox
Many years ago I read Edwin Layton’s book And I Was There. At the time I thought he gave a pretty good defense of Kimmel and Short, but after reading Henry Clausen’s book and getting the rest of the story, I don’t believe that now. I was amazed at the system the Army and Navy had to process and disseminate intelligence to our civilian and military leader. It was such a slipshod system that might have “worked” in peace time, but left much to be desired if a threat was approaching. I thought the stories Clausen related about the depositions he took from dozens of people as well as his testimony before members of Congress who had their own agendas were very interesting. I also appreciated the way he rated the people at the center of the events and gave them a score for how culpable they were for the attack. It’s a shame Clausen’s report wasn’t declassified years earlier and released to the public.
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Hard Hitting
By Amazon Customer
I have always loved the history of WWII. This hard-hitting analysis of Pearl Harbor dispels the myths and debunks the conspiracies that I have heard in the past. Definitely a "10".
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